Comportamento alimentar e percepção da imagem corporal de gestantes atendidas em um ambulatório de alto risco / Eating behavior and body image perception of pregnant women attending a high-risk outpatient center / Conducta alimentaria y percepción de la imagen corporal de embarazadas asistidas en un ambulatorio de alto riesgo

Investigar o comportamento alimentar e a percepção da imagem corporal em gestantes atendidas em um ambulatório de alto risco. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, observacional e transversal que incluiu 28 gestantes acima do peso atendidas na primeira consulta no ambulatório de nutrição em uma maternidade de Fortaleza-CE, nos meses de dezembro de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011. Utilizou-se um formulário pré-estabelecido, contendo dados de caracterização da amostra (socioeconômicos, obstétricos e nutricionais) e os questionários Binge Eating Scale (BES) para avaliar a compulsão alimentar e o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) para a gravidade ou ausência de distúrbio de imagem corporal. As variáveis foram apresentadas como média ± desvio padrão e frequência simples e percentual. Através da correlação de Pearson verificou-se a relação entre a imagem corporal e a compulsão alimentar, considerando-se p<0,05. Resultados: As gestantes analisadas apresentaram uma média de 29,4±6,3 anos e idade gestacional média de 24,6±8,2 semanas. Encontrou-se uma prevalência de 71,5% (n=20) de distúrbio de imagem corporal e de 17,8% (n=5) de compulsão alimentar. Observou-se também uma correlação direta e significativa entre a percepção da imagem corporal e o grau de compulsão alimentar (r=0,4358; p=0,020). Conclusão: A alta taxa de distúrbio da imagem corporal relacionada positivamente com uma considerável compulsão alimentar indica uma adaptação não favorável deste grupo de gestantes às alterações de peso, forma e tamanho corporal, próprias da gestação, configurando um grupo com necessidade de atenção especial por parte da equipe de profissionais...

To investigate the eating behavior and body image perception in pregnant women attending a high-risk outpatient center. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional, observational study conducted with 28 overweight pregnant women attending the first consultation in the nutrition outpatient center of a maternity hospital in Fortaleza-CE, from December 2010 to February 2011. It has been used a pre-established form containing data on the characterization of the sample (socioeconomic, obstetric, and nutritional), the BES (Binge Eating Scale) to assess binge eating and BSQ (Body Shape Questionnaire) to assess the severity or absence of body image disorder. The variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation and simple frequency and percentage. The Pearsonâ??s correlation was used to verify the relation between body image and binge eating, considering p <0.05. Results: The pregnant women studied had a mean age of 29.4 ± 6.3 years and mean gestational age of 24.6 ± 8.2 weeks. It was found a prevalence of 71.5% (n=20) of body image disorder and 17.8% (n=5) of binge eating. It was also observed a direct and significant correlation between the body image perception and the degree of binge eating (r=0.4358, p=0.020). Conclusion: The high rate of body image disorder positively related to a significant binge eating indicates an unfavorable adjustment of this group of pregnant women to alterations in weight and body shape and size, which are inherent to pregnancy, standing out as group that needs special attention by the professional team...

Investigar la conducta alimentaria y la percepción de la imagen corporal de embarazadas asistidas en un ambulatório de alto riesgo. Métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional y transversal con 28 embarazadas con sobrepeso asistidas en La primera consulta del ambulatorio de nutrición de una maternidad de Fortaleza-Ce entre los meses de diciembre de 2010 y febrero de 2011. Se utilizó un formulario pre-establecido con datos para la caracterización de la muestra (socioeconómicos, obstétricos y nutricionales) y los cuestionarios BES (Binge Eating Scale) para evaluar la compulsión alimentaria y el BSQ (Body Shape Questionnaire) para evaluar la gravedad o ausencia del distúrbio de la imagen corporal. Las variables fueron presentadas como media ± desviación típica, frecuencia simple y porcentaje. A travésde la correlación de Pearson se verificó la relación de la imagen corporal y la compulsión alimentaria considerando el p<0,05. Resultados: Las embarazadas evaluadas presentaron una media de 29,4±6,3 años y edad gestacional media de 24,6±8,2 semanas. Se encontró una prevalencia del 71,5% (n=20) de disturbio de imagen corporal y del 17,8% (n=5) de compulsión alimentaria. Se observó también una correlación directa y significativa de la percepción de la imagen corporal y el grado de compulsión alimentaria (r=0,4358; p=0,020). Conclusión: La tasa elevada de disturbio de la imagen corporal relacionada positivamente com una considerable compulsión alimentaria indica una adaptación no favorable de este grupo de embarazadas a los cambios de peso, forma y tamaño corporal propias del embarazo lo que caracteriza un grupo con necesidad de atención especial de parte del equipo de profesionales...

Vascular smooth muscle relaxation by a lectin from Pisum arvense: evidences of endothelial NOS pathway.

The vasorelaxant effect of the lectin of Pisum arvense (PAL) seeds was investigated in rat aorta. PAL (10-100 µg/ml) was applied on aorta rings, with or without endothelium, pre-contracted with phenylephrine (Phe; 0.1 µM). Participation of endothelium derived relaxant factors was evaluated incubating the tissue with indomethacin (10 µM), L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 µM) and tetraethylammonium (TEA, 5 mM) before addition of PAL. The role of the lectin domain was investigated by addition of PAL into tissue in presence of glucose (3x 10⁻5 M), or N-acetyl Dglucosamine (GlcNAc; 3 x 10⁻4 M). The importance of extracellular calcium (Ca²âºe) or interaction with muscarinic receptors in the relaxant effect was evaluated by addition of PAL into aorta rings containing calcium free solution (OCa) and atropine (1 µ M), respectively. PAL induced concentration-dependent relaxation in endothelized aorta (IC50 =58.38 ± 1.87 µg/ml), which was reversed by L-NAME and glucose. The lectin effect was totally inhibited when the preparation was inserted in OCa, but not in presence of atropine. Summarizing, our data showed a relaxant effect of PAL in isolated rat aorta rings in presence of endothelium, suggestive of interaction between the lectin carbohydrate binding sites with specific receptors located in vascular endothelial cells leading to nitric oxide synthase activation. This effect seems to require Ca²âºe but is independent on muscarinic receptors interaction.

Native crystal structure of a nitric oxide-releasing lectin from the seeds of Canavalia maritima.

Here, we report the crystallographic study of a lectin from Canavalia maritima seeds (ConM) and its relaxant activity on vascular smooth muscle, to provide new insights into the understanding of structure/function relationships of this class of proteins. ConM was crystallized and its structure determined by standard molecular replacement techniques. The amino acid residues, previously suggested incorrectly by manual sequencing, have now been determined as I17, I53, S129, S134, G144, S164, P165, S187, V190, S169, T196, and S202. Analysis of the structure indicated a dimer in the asymmetric unit, two metal binding sites per monomer, and loops involved in the molecular oligomerization. These confer 98% similarity between ConM and other previously described lectins, derived from Canavalia ensiformis and Canavalia brasiliensis. Our functional data indicate that ConM exerts a concentration-dependent relaxant action on isolated aortic rings that probably occurs via an interaction with a specific lectin-binding site on the endothelium, resulting in a release of nitric oxide.